Primary care is the foundation of California’s health care system and a critical driver of population health and equity. Yet access to timely, comprehensive primary care remains out of reach for millions of Californians.
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This report presents six recommendations for key decisionmakers:
In its first broad report on COVID-19, the PCC examines community factors at the county level—starting with primary care but also including local public health and social assets—to determine if these factors can help mitigate the effects of the pandemic and other health emergencies.
Below is the recording of the online release event for the the report, which was held October 18, 2021.
Primary Care and COVID-19: It’s Complicated – Leveraging Primary Care, Public Health, and Social Assets is the PCC’s annual research report for 2021. It shows that residents of communities with the most robust primary care, the strongest public health infrastructure, and the fewest social vulnerabilities were substantially less likely to die from COVID-19 and somewhat less likely to get infected with the virus, as compared to communities on the other end of the spectrum. The findings suggest that primary care and public-health leaders need to join forces to strengthen community resistance in advance of the next pandemic and to better address health inequities.
The Executive Summary provides an overview of the 2021 PCC Evidence-Based Report. This concise document summarizes the qualitative and quantitative findings.
The Primary Care Collaborative is grateful to the Robert Graham Center, which prepared this year’s report.
This video is a recording of Ann Kempski, lead author of the report, presenting its findings at the report’s release, which took place on December 2, 2020, as part of a PCC workshop on primary care investment at the state level.
Primary Care Spending: High Stakes, Low Investment is the PCC’s annual research report for 2020. It shows that the U.S. health system’s investment in primary care, as measured by primary care spending, is low and declined between 2017 and 2019, both nationally and in a majority of states. The findings support a growing body of literature showing that health systems with a foundation of robust, comprehensive primary care achieve better, more equitable health outcomes and are less costly.
The Executive Summary provides an overview of the 2020 PCC Evidence Report. This concise version summarizes the qualitative and quantitative findings.
View the 2019 evidence report that the 2020 report is built on.
View our press release for this report: “PCC’s New Report Sounds Alarm on Low and Declining U.S. Primary Care Spending” from 12/03/2020.
The Primary Care Collaborative thanks the following PCC board of directors’ organizations for their generosity. Their support made the 2020 Evidence Report possible.
In a first-of-its-kind study, this year’s report examines states primary care spending patterns, including spending across payer types, and considers the implications of these results for select patient outcomes.
The PCPCC 2019 Executive Report provides quantitative data and analysis of primary care spend at the state and payer levels, as well as a window into the association between primary care spend and key patient outcomes. In short, the report shows that primary care investment as a percentage of total health care expenditures was low between 2011 and 2016, and it varied considerably across states and across payers. The analysis also shows an association between more primary care investment and better patient outcomes. Finally, the report includes a description of legislative/regulatory efforts in 10 states to measure and report on primary care spend and to shift more resources into primary care.
The Executive Summary provides an overview of the 2019 PCPCC Executive Report. This concise version summarizes the qualitative and quantitative findings.
The Impact of Primary Care Practice Transformation on Cost, Quality, and Utilization reviews PCMH results from 45 peer-reviewed reports and additional government and state evaluations. Implementation of the PCMH and high performing primary care differs depending upon the needs and preferences of those delivering, receiving, and paying for related care.
The sixth annual PCPCC report, authored by the Robert Graham Center of the American Academy of Family Physicians and published with support from the Milbank Memorial Fund, employed broader search terms and more rigorous search criteria that evaluated studies, reports, and evaluations published between November 1, 2015 to February 28, 2017. It also features examples and data from PCMH programs, such as Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan, which leads one of the oldest PCMH programs, now in its eighth year with seven years of data; the Comprehensive Primary Care Initiative launched by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation; and state primary care initiatives including Colorado, Minnesota, and Oregon.
This annual report highlights recently published clinical, quality, and financial outcomes of patient-centered medical home (PCMH) initiatives from across the United States. Profiling a showcase of PCMH initiatives, this report focuses on studies released between August 2012 and December 2013 and identifies where they are happening, who is leading them, and highlights the outcomes they are achieving. In addition to the results from these 21 most recent studies, the report includes a summary of PCMH initiatives taking place throughout the US since 2009, which can be found in Appendix A, reflecting 54 different studies organized by state and location. Although the evidence is early from an academic perspective, and this report does not represent a formal peer-reviewed meta-analysis of the literature, the expanding body of research provided here suggests that when fully transformed primary care practices have embraced the PCMH model of care, we find a number of consistent, positive outcomes.
A summary of key points from this year’s report include:
The findings are indeed encouraging and the evidence base for the model continues to build at a rapid pace. While we need to be cautious about over-promising what the PCMH alone can deliver, our review of the recent literature affirmatively shows improvements across a number of categories. Our review also suggests some gaps in the evidence and ways to improve future PCMH studies. More robust analyses regarding how PCMH s function, transform and improve outcomes for all patients and their families are critical to the long-term success of primary care, as well as helping the US to achieve much needed, broad-based delivery reform.